The history of money

     The history of money starts around the 5th and the 7th century before Christ. They were made by King Alyatte in Lydia, (in Turkey). And the first coin ever made features a roaring lion.

Paper money, or best known as bills, were used for the first time in China, in the 9th century. And the travels of Marco Polo, introduced the idea of paper money to Europeans, so in Europe,bills appeared in the 13th century. And, in 1946, the first credit card was invented.

Before money (bills and coins) appeared, bartering was used instead of money to buy goods. Many things have been used as medium of exchange in markets, for example, livestock, sacks of cereal grain, gold, precious metals (from which early coins were made) and others. Besides, money (coin) is made of steel covered by copper, nickel and brass.

So, we can see that money has changed a lot through history, and it's still changing. For example, maybe in the future we will use credits cards instead of paper money and coins. That's a possibility.

This a video that explains the history of money through the years.

My letter to the 3 Kings

  Dear Three Kings, you must be back home by now, wherever your home is. And you must be having a well-deserved rest after so much work.  I hope these words don't get to disturb your peace and quiet of the moment and I do hope there’s still some of your powerful magic left because your good-will I take for granted. I got my presents and am happy about it, but please, please, use your magic to make my wishes come true for the following:

1. For my family, please, I want you to bring them health, happiness and a good job. We don't need material things, I think they're not really necessary when you have your home. But there are some important things that we can't buy with money and that's what I'm requesting you. I'm talking about health and happiness. Because we only live once and we all have to make the most of our life. Also, if it were possible, it'd be so great if some members of my family that are looking for a job could get a good job, only an stable job, I'm not asking for money, besides, I don't want it. Some things we just have to work hard to get it. 

Well, I really hope you read it.

2. For my country, please, I want you to bring good politicians to Spain. I really hope this is not as difficult as I think. I just want that qualified people govern this country. Also, as I said before in my first letter, I want you to bring employment to all people who have work really hard to get one and didn't have luck. And a home for all those people who have been evicted. 

3. For a special person that's very dear to me, I'd say my brother because he has helped me many times, and he still helps me without expecting anything in return. So, please, bring him good luck on his studies, happiness and health. He's very intelligent and he exerts himself to get good marks and It'd make me and my brother very happy if finally he finishes his studies. For me, he is the most special person in my life and I wish him the best. 

My favorite fictional character.

I'm going to talk about one of the characters I like of my favorite film, Saw. I like it, because when I watched it, I started loving the horror genre and these kind of films that I used to hate.

I'm a character who appears in a horror movie franchise, whose name is Saw. My real name, which is not Jigsaw, is John Kramer, but almost all people call me Jigsaw.
My wife, whose name is Jill Tuck, was stabbed by a thief during a theft in a clinic. She was pregnant but after that she lost her baby and that's one of the reasons why I do these kind of games.
I use a puppet, whose name is Billy, to record a video where I explain what people have to do to survive my games..
My most astounding and amazing scene (in the fisrt movie of Saw) is when I get up from the floor and my victim realize that the corpse, who was in the center of the bathroom where he is, wasn't a dead body, it was me, the person who locked him up in that room.
In another scene, which happens at the beginning, I record a video using my puppet Billy, where I explain the rules of the game, and it's one of the most famous scenes of this film.

And here is the trailer of the film in which Jigsaw and his puppet Billy appear:

Climate Change in Spain

1. How will the climate change affect Spain?
One of the countries that will be more affected by climate change is Spain. Some scientifics say that the sea level will increase at least 15 centimetres, and that will affect more all the Mediterranean areas, for example, Málaga, Cádiz... So it'll more than likely that some cities near the coasts will flood.

Also, in this video some teachers and scientifics talk about the increase of temperatures and droughts (the second one in south areas of the country).

Another effects of the climate change in Spain are:

• The decrease of biodiversity, because many plants and animales will die, in consequence of the increase of temperatures that is going to kill a lot of species. 
• The decrease of annual precipitation. It'll cause many droughts. 
• The weather in the North of Spain will be like the weather in the south of the country → so there will be less precipitations, higher temperatures, etc. 
• Desertification of the land especially in south areas of Spain. 
• Storms, typhon and tornados will be stronger. 

So, in conlusion, by 2050, Spain will be a hotter place. Even hotter than now.



2. What concerning statements are mentioned?

They mention some concerning statements of climate change.

• The greater part of glaciers (92km3) could disappear in around 40-50 years. 
• The number of fires will increase. 
• Stronger storms, tornados and typhons. 
• More heat waves. 
• Droughts. 
• Decrease of biodiversity. 

3. What processes affecting the climate change are mentioned?
They talk about we are the reason our planet is in endangered. Ever since humans have inhabited the Earth, the planet is experiencing deep changes that it never has had before.

After 4.54 billion years, because of us, the climate change is affecting our planet.
Some processes affecting the climate change:
The excessive emissions of CO2 (greenhouse gases) into the atmosphere that is damaging the ozone layer and it is increasing the Earth's average temperature.
Also, the burning of fossil fuels.

4. What could we do in Spain to reduce or revert the climate change?
To reduce the climate change we should use renewable energy (solar panels for example) instead of oil, gas and carbon. Also we should use more the public transport, and try to control the emissions of gases and CO2 we emit to the atmosphere.


5. What's your personal reaction to all this?

For me, this is really sad. Because we say climate change is a very big problem, and we have

to resolve it but, we actually have a solution, so let's put the plan into action! Nevertheless the truth is that no one seem to be interested in this problem. We all live our life like if this won't affect us. But it will.
I admire the nature, and how the Earth has evolved during 4.5 billion years, it makes me so sad that our descendants maybe won't be able to see this beautiful planet.

Spain's coast areas will be like this in the future: